5 Statement of Accounts

This chapter explains various statement of accounts in Tally Prime.

5.1 Balance Sheet

5.1.1 How to View the Balance Sheet?

Open Tally Prime.
From Gateway of Tally, go to:
Reports → Balance Sheet
Tally displays:
- Sources of Funds (Capital, Loans, Liabilities)
- Application of Funds (Fixed Assets, Current Assets, Investments)

5.1.2 Adjust Period

Press F2: Period → Set desired dates (e.g., 01-04-2024 to 31-03-2025).

5.1.3 Example

If the company has:

Account	Amount (₹)
Capital	5,00,000
Cash in Hand	60,000
Stock-in-Hand	2,50,000
Sundry Creditors	1,20,000

The Balance Sheet will show:

Category	Amount (₹)
Capital & Liabilities	6,20,000
Assets	6,20,000

5.2 Profit & Loss Account (P&L)

5.2.1 View P&L Statement

Go to: Gateway of Tally → Profit & Loss A/c
P&L shows:
- Indirect Expenses / Direct Expenses
- Sales
- Indirect Income

5.2.2 Example

Entries done:

Entry	Amount (₹)
Sales	2,50,000
Purchase	1,50,000
Rent Expense	30,000

P&L will show:

Result	Amount (₹)
Gross Profit	1,00,000
Net Profit	70,000

5.3 Trial Balance

5.3.1 How to View

Go to Gateway of Tally → Display More Reports → Trial Balance.
Displays all ledger balances.
Debit = Credit for accuracy.

5.3.2 Example

Ledger	Dr (₹)	Cr (₹)
Cash	60,000	—
Sales	—	2,50,000
Capital	—	5,00,000

Total Dr = Total Cr → balanced.

5.4 Sales Register

5.4.1 Steps

Go to Display More Reports → Account Books → Sales Register.
Select the period using F2.
Tally shows all Sales vouchers month-wise.

5.4.2 Example

A sale of ₹10,000 to customer ABC on 05-05-2025 will appear under May.

5.5 Purchase Register

5.5.1 Steps

Go to Display More Reports → Account Books → Purchase Register.
Choose the date range.
Shows all purchase vouchers.

5.5.2 Example

Purchase from XYZ Suppliers amount ₹15,000 recorded on 10-05-2025 will appear in May.

5.6 Cash Book

5.6.1 Steps

Go to Display More Reports → Cash/Bank Books → Cash Book.
Select the Cash ledger (e.g., Cash-in-Hand).

5.6.2 Example

Cash transactions:
- Receipt: ₹5,000
- Payment: ₹2,500

Cash Book shows:

Description	Amount (₹)
Opening	25,000
Closing	27,500

5.7 Bank Book

5.7.1 Steps

Go to Display More Reports → Cash/Bank Books → Bank Book.
Select bank ledger (e.g., HDFC Bank).

5.7.2 Example

Transactions:

Description	Amount (₹)
Cheque Deposit	50,000
Bank Charges	250

Closing balance updates accordingly.

5.8 Ledger Statement

5.8.1 Steps

Go to Gateway of Tally → Display More Reports → Account Books → Ledger.
Choose any ledger (example: Rent Expense).

5.8.2 Example

Rent Ledger:

Date	Debit (₹)
01-05-2025	10,000
01-06-2025	10,000

Closing balance = ₹20,000 (Dr).

5.9 Sales vs Purchase Register Example Summary

Statement	What It Shows	Shortcut Path
Sales Register	All sales invoices	Display → Account Books
Purchase Register	All purchase vouchers	Display → Account Books
Cash Book	Cash receipts/payments	Cash/Bank Books
Bank Book	Bank receipts/payments	Cash/Bank Books

5.10 Common Buttons & Shortcuts

Action	Shortcut
Change Period	F2
Export Report	Alt + E
Print Report	Ctrl + P
Configure Report	F12
Detailed/Condensed View	Alt + F1

5.11 Practical Example — Complete Flow

5.11.1 Transactions Entered

Transaction	Amount (₹)
Sales	20,000
Purchase	12,000
Cash Received	20,000
Rent Expense	5,000
Bank Withdrawal	10,000

5.11.2 Result in Reports

Sales Register → Shows ₹20,000
Purchase Register → Shows ₹12,000
Cash Book → Opening +₹20,000 minus withdrawals
Bank Book → Opening minus ₹10,000
P&L Account → Net Profit = Sales − Purchase − Rent
Balance Sheet → Asset/Liability updated

5.12 Summary

Balance Sheet → Financial position
P&L Account → Profitability
Trial Balance → Accuracy check
Sales/Purchase Register → Transaction details
Cash/Bank Book → Day-to-day cash/bank activities
Ledgers → Individual account performance