9 Bank Reconciliation

Bank reconciliation matches company’s bank ledger entries with the bank’s statement.
The result is a Reconciliation Statement showing: - Items cleared (matched in both Tally and Bank) - Outstanding items (not yet cleared) - Bank balance per books vs bank balance per bank statement - Reconciling items: cheques in transit, unpresented cheques, bank charges, direct credits


9.1 Prerequisites

  • Company selected and correct financial year opened
  • Bank ledger(s) created (e.g., HDFC Bank - Current)
  • Vouchers and bank transactions entered in Tally (payments, receipts, contra, charges)
  • Bank statement received (Excel/CSV/PDF) for the period
  • (Optional) If importing, prepare CSV: Date, Description, Debit, Credit, Reference

9.2 Entering Bank Data in Tally

9.2.1 Manual Entry

  • Record all bank transactions using vouchers:
    • Payments: Payment Voucher (select bank ledger)
    • Receipts: Receipt Voucher (bank ledger as Dr)
    • Contra: For cash-bank transfers
    • Bank Charges/Interest: Payment voucher (bank ledger credited, expense/interest debited)

Example Entries - 03-07-2025 — Cheque to Supplier XYZ — ₹15,000 (Payment voucher: Credit HDFC, Debit Creditors) - 10-07-2025 — Customer RTGS receipt — ₹20,000 (Receipt voucher: Debit HDFC, Credit Debtors) - 31-07-2025 — Bank charges ₹200 (Payment: Credit HDFC, Debit Bank Charges)

💡 Tip: Record cheque numbers and reference for easy matching.


9.3 Open the Bank Reconciliation Screen

  • Path: Gateway of Tally → Display → Statements → Bank Reconciliation
  • or Gateway → Accounting Vouchers → Bank Reconciliation
  • Choose the Bank Ledger (e.g., HDFC Bank - Current)
  • Set period with F2 (e.g., 01-07-2025 to 31-07-2025)
  • Screen displays: bank statement lines (if imported), book entries, ability to mark “Reconciled”

9.4 Matching / Marking Reconciled Entries

9.4.1 Manual Reconciliation

  • Match each bank statement line with the Tally voucher (amount, date, cheque/UTR/reference)
  • Select both, mark as reconciled (key/button varies; Space/R/Match/Enter)
  • Confirm reconciliation date (often bank statement date)
  • Repeat for all cleared items

Example - Bank shows RTGS ₹20,000, 10-07-2025, UTR123; Tally shows same receipt on same date. Mark both as reconciled.

9.4.2 Handling Special Cases

  • Amounts differ: record adjustment voucher for bank charge, reconcile difference
  • Cheque bounced: don’t reconcile; create reversal voucher
  • Unpresented cheques: leave as unreconciled—in future, clear when bank shows them

9.5 Review Reconciled & Unreconciled Lists

  • Filter to see:
    • Reconciled Entries: matched, with reconciliation date
    • Unreconciled (Book): vouchers entered, not yet cleared in bank
    • Unreconciled (Bank): bank statement entries not recorded in Tally

How to view:
Within the Reconciliation screen, use F12/View to switch between lists.

Example Output - Reconciled: Receipt ₹20,000 (10-07-2025), Payment ₹15,000 (03-07-2025) - Unreconciled: Cheque payment ₹5,000 (27-07-2025, not yet cleared) - Bank charges not in Tally: Bank charges ₹200 (31-07-2025)


9.6 Creating/Reversing Vouchers for Bank Adjustments

  • Bank charges/interest/direct credits: create vouchers in Tally (Payment for charges, Receipt for credits), then mark as reconciled
  • Dishonour/bank debit errors: create reversal/adjusment vouchers

Example - Bank debits ₹300 service charge (31-07-2025): Payment voucher — Debit Bank Charges ₹300, Credit HDFC ₹300


9.7 Generate Reconciled Statement / Reconciliation Report

9.7.1 Summary Statement

Shows: - Balance as per Bank Statement (closing) - Add: Deposits in transit - Less: Unpresented cheques - Adjusted bank balance (should match books) - Balance as per Tally books

Sample Bank Reconciliation Statement Format

Description Amount (₹)
Balance as per Bank Statement (closing) XXX
Add: Deposits in transit YYY
Less: Unpresented Cheques ZZZ
Adjusted Bank Balance XXX + YYY - ZZZ
Balance as per Books (Bank Ledger Closing) AAA

If adjusted bank balance = book balance → reconciliation complete.

9.7.2 Detailed Report

  • Lists each reconciled/unreconciled item with status, reference, date, amount

Print/Export - Alt+P: Print - Alt+E: Export (PDF/Excel/CSV/Word) - Use UTF-8 for CSV if needed


9.8 Saving & Locking Reconciliation (Audit Trail)

  • Save session; Tally records reconciliation date
  • Some versions allow locking or audit notes—add narration for reconciling items

9.9 Practical Example: Full Walkthrough

Scenario - Book closing balance (HDFC) 31-07-2025: ₹50,000 - Bank statement closing: ₹42,500

Bank statement items not in Tally - Bank charges ₹200 - Interest credited ₹700 - Customer cheque ₹7,000 cleared

Tally book items not in statement - Cheque to supplier ₹5,000 (not yet presented) - Cheque to staff ₹500 (not yet presented)

Steps - Open reconciliation for HDFC, set period - Match & reconcile receipts, charges, interest - Leave cheques as unreconciled - Generate statement:

Description Amount (₹)
Bank statement ₹42,500
Less unpresented ₹5,500
Adjusted bank balance ₹37,000
Book balance ₹37,000

Export reconciliation report as PDF for audit.


9.10 Troubleshooting Common Problems

  • Totals don’t match: check for missing charges/credits, wrong dates
  • Rounding errors: adjust with voucher if needed
  • Duplicate matches: unmatch and retry
  • Import format wrong: reformat CSV, re-import
  • Cheque numbers missing: use narration for matching